I. Papamuri o te Taupānga
Ko te konupūmā 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butyrate (HMTBa-Ca) te ahua tote konupūmā o tētahi momo rite ki te methionine hydroxy (ingoa matū: Calcium bis(2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butyrate)). Kāore e whakarato tika i tētahi hanganga amino kei roto he hauota engari e whakarato ana i te anga waro methionine i roto i te ahua o tētahi momo rite ki te hydroxy. Ka hurihia i roto i te tinana mā te pākia hei whakaputa i te L-methionine kaha koiora, e whai wāhi ana ki te hanganga pūmua me ngā momo tukanga pākia.
Ko te Methionine tētahi o ngā waikawa amino whakawhāiti tino kitea i roto i ngā whāngai kararehe me ngā heihei, inā koa ka ngoikore ngā kai e ahu mai ana i te kānga me te pīni soya. Hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia kai a ngā kararehe mō te methionine, kua tāpirihia te DL-methionine ki ngā whāngai. Heoi anō, kei te piki haere te aro ki ngā momo methionine hydroxy me ō rātou tote konupūmā hei pūtake methionine hou. Ki te whakatauritea ki te DL-methionine, he pai ake te pumau o te wera me te urutau tukatuka a te HMTBa-Ca, ā, he pai ake te tiaki matūkai i te wā e whakapūhia ana te whāngai me te tukatuka pāmahana teitei.
I whakahaerehia e te Mana Haumaru Kai o Ūropi (EFSA) tētahi aromatawai pūnaha mō te haumaru me te whai huatanga o te HMTBa me tōna tote konupūmā, hei whakaū i tōna haumaru hei tāpiringa whāngai mō ngā momo kararehe katoa. Kāore e waiho he toenga ki roto i ngā kiko kararehe, i ngā hua rānei, ā, kāore hoki he mōrearea nui ki te taiao, e tautoko ana i tana whakamahinga i roto i te kai kararehe.
II. Ngā Pānga o te Taupānga
He maha ngā rangahau kua whakaatu ko te HMTBa-Ca, hei pūtake methionine, ka taea te whakapai ake i te tipu o ngā kararehe me te whai huatanga o te whakamahinga o ngā matūkai. Mō ngā poaka, heihei, me ngā kararehe wai, mā te tāpiritanga o te HMTBa-Ca ka taea te whakanui ake i te toharite o te whiwhinga o ia rā, te ōwehenga hurihanga kai, me te whakamahinga hauota, me te whakaiti i te tukunga hauota. He tino whai hua tēnei mō ngā kai iti-pūmua, ngā kai waikawa amino rānei kua whakaritea tika.
I roto i ngā heihei, ko te tāpiringa HMTBa-Ca ehara i te mea ka āwhina noa i te whakapai ake i te mahi whakaputa engari ka whakapai ake hoki i te kaha ārai mate, te mahi ārai mate, me te hauora o te puku. I roto i ngā heihei whāngai, ko tōna whakamahinga tika ka āwhina i te pupuri i te mahi whāngai me te whakapai ake i te kounga o te hua. I roto i ngā kararehe wai, i te pikinga ake o te ōwehenga o ngā kai pūmua tipu, ka nui ake te kitea o te korenga o te methionine. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ka taea e te HMTBa-Ca te mahi hei puna tāpiri whai hua, hei whakapai ake i te tere tipu me te whakatakotoranga pūmua o te tinana.
Hei matū mua mō te methionine, ka taea e te HMTBa-Ca te whakatairanga i te whakamahinga o ngā waikawa amino nui me te hanganga pūmua i roto i te tinana, me te whakapai ake i te hanganga o te tinana mā te whakahaere i ngā ara pākia e pā ana. Ahakoa he iti iho tōna whai huatanga koiora whānui i tō te DL-methionine, he nui tonu te uara kai i roto i ngā momo kararehe. I roto i te whakamahinga mahi, ka taea te hanga i ngā taumata tāpiringa tika mā te whakamahi i ngā tauwehenga tahuritanga.
III. Te Tikanga Mahi
Ko te tikanga mahi a te HMTBa-Ca kei roto i tana mahi hei matū mua mō te methionine e whai wāhi ana ki te pākia o roto. Ka hurihia te HMTBa-Ca hei L-methionine i roto i te ara kai mā roto i ngā tauhohenga whākōkī me te pākia o ngā huakita. Muri iho, ka whai wāhi atu ki te hanga pūmua, te pākia o te waro-kotahi, me te whakahaere i ngā pūnaha ārai mate (pēnei i te hanga glutathione), he mahi nui ki te pupuri i te taurite o ngā waikawa amino me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te whakamahinga matūkai.
Ki te whakatauritea ki te DL-methionine, he rerekē paku ngā ara mimiti me ngā ara pākia o te HMTBa-Ca. Nā tōna hanganga hydroxy analogue ka nui ake te pumau, inā koa ka whakaatu i ētahi āhuatanga karo rumen i roto i ngā ruminants, e āwhina ana ki te whakanui ake i te tuku o te methionine e wātea ana ki te whekau iti.
IV. Ngā Momo Kararehe Matua e Whāia ana
1. Poaka (Poaka Kua Whakamutua te U, Poaka Kua Tipu)
I roto i te whāngai poaka, ko te methionine tētahi o ngā waikawa amino whakawhāiti. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau mā te tāpiri i te HMTBa-Ca ki ngā kai iti-pūmua, ki ngā kai taurite-waikawa amino rānei, ka taea te whakapai ake i te whakamahinga hauota, te whakatairanga i te whakatakotoranga pūmua, me te whakaiti i te whakaputanga hauota. Ki te whakatauritea ki te DL-methionine tuku iho, ka taea e te HMTBa-Ca te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga methionine me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te whakamahinga waikawa amino. He tino pai mō te whakahaere kai i te wā ahotea o te whakamutu kai me ngā poaka he nui te mīti kikokore.
2. Heihei (Heihei Parai, Heihei Whakatakoto, Heihei Whakatupu)
I roto i ngā kai heihei, ka whakamahia whānuitia te HMTBa-Ca hei whakakapi, hei whakakapi rānei i te DL-methionine. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ka taea e tana tāpiringa te whakapai ake i te ōwehenga whiwhinga o ia rā me te ōwehenga whakawhiti whāngai o ngā heihei parai, ā, ka pā pai ki te kaha antioxidant, ngā tawhā ārai mate, me te hauora o te puku. I roto i ngā heihei whāngai, mā te tāpiringa tika o te HMTBa-Ca ka āwhina i te pupuri i te mahi whāngai, te whakapai ake i te kounga hua, me te whai wāhi ki te whakahaere i te pākia o te pūmua me te waikawa amino whanariki, he mea tino nui mō ngā heihei whakaputa nui.
3. Ngā Kararehe Wai (Ika, Pāpaka)
I roto i ngā kai wai, nā te pikinga ake o te ōwehenga o ngā kai pūmua tipu, kua kaha ake te kitea o te korenga o te methionine. He maha ngā rangahau e whakaatu ana ka taea e te HMTBa-Ca te whakamahi hei puna methionine whai hua i roto i ngā kai ika (hei tauira, te ika moana, te taraute), ka whakapai ake i te tere tipu, te whakamahinga o ngā kai, me te whakatakotoranga pūmua o te tinana. Nā tōna pumau me tōna ngāwari ki te urutau ki ngā taiao wai, he pai te kaha ki te whakamahi i roto i ngā kai wai kua hangaia.
4. Ngā kararehe ruminant (Kau miraka, Kau kau, Hipi)
He rerekē ki ngā kararehe ehara i te ruminant, ko te methionine i roto i ngā kai ruminant ka whakawhāitihia e te pirau e ngā moroiti rumen, ā, he mea nui rawa ngā momo tāpiringa methionine whai hua. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau he ātete ngā momo methionine hydroxy (tae atu ki te tote konupūmā) ki te pirau i roto i te rumen, e āhei ai te mawhiti wāhanga mai i te whakapūkara moroiti rumen me te huri ki te methionine ka taea te whakamahi i roto i te whekau iti, ā, ka whakanui ake i te tuku o te pūmua ka taea te whakapūkara.
V. Whakamutunga me te Tirohanga
Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko te HMTBa-Ca, hei puna tāpiringa methionine hou, e whakaatu ana i te kaha ki te whakamahi i roto i te kai kararehe. Me arotahi anō ngā rangahau ā muri ake nei ki ngā tikanga hei whakapai ake i tōna whai huatanga koiora, te whakatau i ngā taumata tāpiringa tika mō ngā momo kararehe me ngā wāhanga tipu rerekē, me te tūhura i ōna pānga mahi tahi me ētahi atu tāpiringa kai. Mā tēnei ka whakatairanga i tōna whakamahinga mahi me te whai hua i roto i ngā pūnaha whāngai hou.
Te wā tuku: Hui-tanguru-03-2026
